Preventing expiration of essential medicines for schistosomiasis in Uganda

Background

Uganda is significantly affected by Schistosomiasis, with 96 out of 146 districts reporting endemic cases. Approximately 7.4 million people are infected, and 15.7 million are at risk, according to the Uganda NTD master plan 2023. Despite substantial progress, Schistosomiasis remains a major public health issue in Uganda, especially in communities near large water bodies such as Lake Victoria, Lake Albert, Lake Kyoga, and the River Nile.

The Ministry of Health initiated the Bilharzia and Control Program in 2003, focusing on mass drug administration (MDA) with donated Praziquantel (PZQ). However, due to limited PZQ supplies for adults and preschool-age children, the program primarily treats school-age children (SAC). Despite this, significant progress has been made, with the prevalence reduced to below 1% in 2 districts and below 10% in 26 others.

Current situation

Recent funding challenges have severely impacted the continuation of the MDA program for schistosomiasis in Uganda. In 2023, anticipated support from in country partners fell through, leading to inadequate coverage and an impending crisis. This year, only eight districts will implement MDA.

This significant shortfall has left Uganda with 10,358,000 Praziquantel (PZQ) tablets, set to expire in December 2024. These tablets have the potential to treat over 4.5 million SAC in 75 endemic districts. Without immediate funding and support to distribute these medicines, Uganda faces the risk of wasting critical resources and losing the progress made in reducing schistosomiasis prevalence and morbidity.